Female Genital Mutilation, Positive and Negative Effect

 

Female genital mutilation or cutting (FGM/C) is a harmful practice that involves the partial or complete removal of the external female genitalia or other injury to the female genital organs for non-medical reasons. It is typically performed on girls and women in many parts of the world, primarily in Africa, Asia, and the Middle East. FGM/C has significant negative effects on the physical, psychological, and social well-being of those who undergo it.

While some communities may perceive certain positive aspects, such as cultural or social reasons, these should not outweigh the numerous harmful consequences. It's important to note that FGM/C is considered a violation of human rights by international organizations, and efforts are made to eliminate the practice.

 NEGATIVE EFFECTS OF FGM/C:

Physical Health Consequences: FGM/C can result in immediate and long-term physical health issues, including severe pain, bleeding, infections, and complications during childbirth. It can also lead to chronic pain and sexual dysfunction.

Psychological and Emotional Impact: Many women and girls who undergo FGM/C experience psychological trauma, anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder. The procedure can also cause feelings of shame and low self-esteem.

Sexual Dysfunction: Sexual dysfunction can result from FGM due to the physical and psychological effects of the procedure. Here are some of the ways in which FGM can lead to sexual dysfunction:

Pain during sexual intercourse: FGM can cause scarring and narrowing of the vaginal opening, making sexual intercourse painful and sometimes impossible. This can result in decreased sexual satisfaction and may lead to long-term sexual problems.

Reduced sexual desire: The physical pain and psychological trauma associated with FGM can lead to a reduced desire for sexual activity. Women who have undergone FGM may associate sex with pain and discomfort, leading to a decreased interest in sexual relations.

Difficulty achieving orgasm: FGM can affect a woman's ability to achieve sexual pleasure and orgasm. The removal of sensitive genital tissue can make it more challenging for women to experience sexual satisfaction.

 

Psychological trauma: FGM can cause significant psychological trauma, including anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). These psychological issues can interfere with a woman's ability to engage in healthy sexual relationships.

FGM/C often results in reduced sexual pleasure for women and can lead to painful sexual intercourse. This can have negative implications for sexual and reproductive health.

Childbirth Complications: FGM/C can increase the risk of complications during childbirth, including prolonged labor, fistula, and stillbirths. This poses a danger to both the mother and the newborn.

Social Stigma: FGM/C is often associated with social norms and values in certain communities. Women who have not undergone the procedure may face discrimination, exclusion, or ostracism.

Human Rights Violation: FGM/C is a violation of human rights, as it deprives individuals of their bodily integrity, autonomy, and the right to be free from torture and harmful practices.

 

POSITIVE PERCEPTIONS OF FGM/C:

Cultural and Social Identity: In some communities, FGM/C is considered an essential cultural and social practice. It is believed to preserve a woman's purity, chastity, and cultural identity.

 Marriage and Social Acceptance: In certain societies, FGM/C is believed to enhance a woman's eligibility for marriage and social acceptance. Some communities view it as a rite of passage.

Misguided Beliefs About Hygiene and Health: Some individuals may mistakenly believe that FGM/C has health benefits, such as improved hygiene or reduced promiscuity, although these claims are not supported by medical evidence.

CONCLUSION

It is important to emphasize that the negative consequences of FGM/C far outweigh any perceived positive aspects. International organizations and human rights advocates are working to raise awareness about the harmful effects of FGM/C and promote its elimination. Many countries have implemented legal measures to ban the practice and provide support for affected individuals. Efforts are also being made to engage communities in dialogue and education to change deeply ingrained cultural beliefs and norms associated with FGM/C.

It's essential to note that FGM is a harmful practice and is internationally recognized as a human rights violation. Efforts are ongoing to raise awareness about the physical and psychological consequences of FGM and to work toward its elimination. Many organizations, governments, and individuals are working to support and empower women and girls affected by FGM and to prevent new cases from occurring. Medical and psychological support can also be provided to those who have undergone FGM to help them cope with the physical and emotional consequences.